Gasifier :- Gasifier is a device that convert organic materials ,such as wood chips, into a synthetic gas( known as producer gas or syngas) ,which can be used for various purpose.
Wood chipper machine :- Wood chipper machine is designed to process wood into smaller pieces , facilitating transportation , recycling or further processing.
Investigation examine the Working principle , advantage , limitation, performance , efficiency with respect to cost analysis ,and its feasibility.
Date :- 20/05/23
In Morning ; first interaction with Arun Dixit Sir after this he asked me about my subject related to my branch ( Agricultural engineering) . I answered that in agricultural engineering I have studied about Soil . He asked me “what is Soil” I have answered that Soil is the upper most layer of earth surface which consists of organic and inorganic matter . Then he asked me what did you have done in this subject . I have told that I have done experiment on soil to measure the moisture content of soil particles with the help of Hot air oven and also with the help of tensiometer then I had explain about that experiment . After this he asked me about another subject that is Food Technology I answer that in this subject I have studied about their physical properties and I had explain about that then we have brainstorming about the gasifier and Wood chipper machine on the basis of performance , efficiency with respect to cost analysis and its feasibility. After this he told me to work with Dhananjay sir whose project is also related to my project .
I went to the school where the Gasifier and wood chipper machine has been kept . I have observed that School was closed and it will re-open at 15th June . they are not using the gasifier because school is closed and I knew about the working process of gasifier ; The working principle of that gasifier is that in the gasifier there is special type of fuel is used that is pellet ( a special type of solid fuel which is made from organic material like industry waste, food waste, agricultural residue ,etc.) before pellet ,some coal is given in that gasifier then pellet is given after this close the upper cover / inlet cover . Put the ignition through the ignition pipe and start the blower for the good combustion of that pellet and coal ;after combustion there will be generation of syngas from which we can cook or use it in different work and there is a charcoal removal is attached with that gasifier to remove the charcoal after use .wood chipper machine is not in working condition and also there is no availability of three phase connection. after this I come back to the Ashram and explain about all the thing what I have observe there.
Burner.
Hot plate for baking chapati .
Gasifier.
Wood chipper machine.
Date :- 21/05/23.
This day we took the gasifier(Research project of Dhananjay sir) to workshop for the making of grate from which charcoal will remove after this grinding the inlet and outlet of that gasifier then took that gasifier and shift it near the shed of cow and fill it with the water to check leakage .
Date :- 22/05/23
Review of previous work then Discussion with prasad sir about the Gasifier and what we have observed there and write a mail to Vikrant sir including all teacher related to this .After this go to the Dhananjay sir to work on their project then collect the wood for the combustion and testing of that gasifier and cut that wood according to the diameter of inlet of that gasifier with the help of cutting machine.
Date :- 23/05/23
Learn how to write blog then write blog then go to the workshop with Dhananjay sir for the set up of gasifier then weight the wood and setup the temperature reader to the gasifier and put the wood to the gasifier and start combustion then observed the Data related to it and observed that due to high temperature PVC pipe has been destroy.
Date :- 24/05/23
Make the Upper layer of Gasifier as well as lower cover of that gasifier then setup the gasifier with metal rod that’s it.
Date :- 25/05/23
first work with the Dhananjay Sir then went to the mukhai School for the first trail of Gasifier the I had face the following problems.
- Gasifier was not used for a long Period.
- Gasifier was not properly clean.
- After burning of pellets ; Excessive amount of gas leaking.
- They have no idea how much pellet would be filled and what is the precaution during starting of Gasifier.
Gasifier chamber chopped with burnt biomass.
During burning of biomass( First trial)
Amount of Pellet :- 30 kg
starting of Gasifier :- 12:00 PM
Gasifier Stop :- 12:10 PM
Fail due to not clean properly and biomass chopped in the bottom of Gasifier chamber. Also gas leaking from most of the joint.
Second Trial That day.
Again start the Gasifier at 12:15 PM
Stop at 12:17 due to high leakage of Gas .
Ignition of flame to the Gasifier .
Took a lot of time for the ignition of biomass because they have no idea how to ignite .
At the end of third trial , some of the gas move though the gas pipe and reached to the burner and we ignite the burner but most of the gas is moving out of the Gasifier. During that that I have observe the following.
observation.
Amount of water to be taken :- 8 L
Weight of pot :- 2.130 Kg
After heating amount of water :- 7.72 L
These are the observation that I had observe that day.
In night that day I went to the School for the first trial of Wood Chipper machine ; for that trial First Collect the Wood with a definite diameter ( 4 CM ) then I started the machine and giving the wood in the cutting hole but wood return back with very high speed and it may cause injure .
Collected Wood.
Weighing of Wood
Amount of Wood :- 14 kg
Cutting of Wood in Wood chipper machine..
Size of Wood Chips with reference of Pen.
Date :- 26/05/23
Work with Dhananjay sir then Went to the mukhai School to Disassemble the Gasifier then bring it in the Ashram
Capturing all the joints before Disassemble.
Blower Pipe.
Charcoal removal screw.
Whole disassemble Gasifier.
Chopped pellet in the Gasifier.
Video of all disassemble Gasifier and Wood chipper machine.
Date 27/05/23
Clean the Gasifier Area and keep the gasifier there.
After cleaning of area and Gasifier setup .
Date :- 29/05/23
Dry the pellet because previous day pellets were wet due to heavy rain and also clean the each part of Gasifier.
Drying of pellets .
Cleaning of each parts.
Char after cleaning of each parts.
Date :- 30/05/23
Study Conclusion of few gasifier related to Gasifier and take the measurement of each parts of Gasifier ; also draw the diagram of that parts on the Note book .
For Lower Portion.
Distance between two leg :- 71 mm
leg height :- 49 mm
Ash removal :- 18mm
Gas removal pipe :- 25mm (Horizontal)
47mm( Vertical)
Diameter of gas movement of pipe :-18.5 mm
length of lower Cylinder :- 64 mm
Thickness of the Cylinder :- 5.2 mm ( from one side )
Solid material under Cylinder :- 6 mm ( thickness)
Ignition pipe length :- 18.5 mm
Gas pipe.
External Diameter of Pipe :-18.5 mm
Inner diameter of Pipe :-11 mm
Length of Pipe :- 64 mm
Gas Elobe Pipe
Total length of Pipe :- 41 mm
Tilt :- 7mm-5mm-7mm
Inner Radius :- 11 mm
Gas Turning Pipe .
Length :- 29 mm (Each )
Diameter :- 11 mm ( equally )
Burner .
total length :- 86 mm
Flame Length :- 29mm
Diameter :- 18 mm
Pellet Container .
Length :-89 mm
Width :- 51mm
Pellet removal Screw.
Total length :- 106 mm
Date :- 31/05/23
Took the external and internal diameter of each joint and prepare the gasket from asbestos. Also Draw the gasket on Fusion360.
For larger Gasket.
External diameter :- 44.5 mm
Total width :- 10.5 mm (both side width included)
No. of holes in that Gasket :- 12
Diameter of Nut in that Gasket :- 1.2 mm
No. of Gasket :- 1
For Medium Gasket.
External diameter :- 23 mm
Total width :-13 mm
No. of holes :-8
Diameter of Nut :- 1.8 mm
No. of Gasket :- 3
For smaller Gasket.
External Diameter :- 19 mm
Total width :- 8 mm
No. of holes :- 4
Diameter of Nut :-1.1 mm
No. Of Gasket :- 4
Different Sizes of Gasket.
Larger Size Gasket on Fusion 360.
Medium Size Gasket on Fusion 360.
Date :- 01/06/23
Assemble the Gasifier .
Tighting of Nut-bolt with the help of Spaner.
Date :- 2/06/23.
Prabhodh Sir Came and we did Trial on the Gasifier and we know the procedure of Starting of Gasifier and Precautions during the Starting of Gasifier
Check the Gasifier Chamber where the Biomass is kept for the Combustion.
Check electricity Connection for the Blower.
Put the 10 Kg Biomass(Pellet) in the chamber.
Lock the feeding section with the feeding Cover
Then Fill the Water in the space between the feeding section of that Cover with the help of water bottle below the 12 CM from the above .
Also Fill the Water in the Gas removal Pipe with the help of water bottle below 3 CM.
Lock it properly. For properly lock Tilt the cover at 20 degree then lock it so that water will not remove from that feeding section Cover.
For Electrical Coil ; Don’t Start the Blower before the ignition.
Put the Electrical coil through ignition chamber and keep it for 3-4 minutes.
Then check whether it Start the Combustion or not if yes then Instant Start the Blower at that time after Starting of Blower open the primary Blower valve at 20 degree.
Maximum we can open the primary valve Upto 40 degree.
Also open the Burner valve so that gas moves towards burner
Initial Gas start removing from the burner that is the moisture of that biomass.
After 1-2 minutes check if the Gas is hot (which is moving out from the burner ) then flame it and burner Start burning.
Each 10-15 minutes remove the charcoal from the chamber.
Before Start movement of Charcoal removal, first close or put 10-15 degree of secondary Blower valve otherwise there is chances of Gas stopped.
When the burning gas is stable then increase the angle of secondary Blower valve upto 35 degree.
During burning of Gas if there is any problem like Electricity then first close the primary valve and close the burner valve otherwise Gas will come back and it will create problems.
In First Trial
Amount of Biomass (Pellet) :- 10 kg
Electrical Coil :- 11:52
Blower Start :- 11:56
Time of burner Start burning:- 11:58 AM
Stopping Time:- 11:40 AM
Second Trial
Amount of Biomass (Pellet +wood chips) :- 10 Kg (5kg each)
Blower start time :-3:12
Ignition Time :- 3:13
Time of Burner Start burning:- 3:16
Stopping Time:-3:46
In second Trial , large amount of gas is moving out from the Burner because in wood chips there is high Amount of moisture so that that moisture is moving out from the burner.
Also Chips some wood with the help of wood chipper machine.
Filling of Biomass (Pellets).
Adding of water in feed section cover space.
Opening of burner Valve.
Moving out of Gas from Burner.
Burner Flame.
Burning of Burner.
Chipping of Wood Chips.
Video of Wood chipping.
After Chipping of Wood
Charcoal of First trail ( Biomass :- Only Pellets).
Charcoal of Second Trial (Biomass – Pellets + Wood chips).
Date :- 03/06/23
First clean the Gasifier and keep the charcoal under the Sun then write the everything what I have done yesterday and also write a formal mail to all the Teacher who is connected to this project . Then seen videos on Gasifier ( Related to Efficiency ) and also write blog . Discussion with Arun Dixit sir about previous day also how we can Utilize that energy which is generated from the gasifier . Also for the ashram and about their application . then talk about the utilization of energy into sand shallow , dry onion and cooking food .Also how can we utilize total energy without wastage .
Calculation of Energy.
Input energy: – Weight x Calorific Value
Output energy = m X Cp X ΔT
m= Weight of water left in pot after trial
Cp = Specific heat of water.
ΔT= Temperature difference.
Vapour energy = amount of water evaporated x latent heat of water.
Efficiency = (total output energy/input energy) x 100
Date :- 05/06/23
Search different types of biomass ( different types of wood ) near the Ashram then calculate the Percentage of Gas which is converted from Biomass for this first weight the charcoal of biomass then calculate it.
Amount of Biomass (Pellet ) :- 10 Kg
Amount of charcoal :- 600 gm
% of Gas Generation :- 94 %
Go out of the Ashram to know about the cost Different types of Biomass like Sawdust , Rice husk , Vaagas .
Cost of Sawdust :- 5 rupees per kg
Cost of Rice husk :- 9.50 rupees per kg
then Go to the Mukhai School for the Pellets and also for the few sample of Wood for the again trail on Wood chipper machine because during first trial of wood on wood chipper machine is not as successful as we have seen in second time.
Sawdust.
Date :- 07/06/23
In morning , first I made the Cover surrounding near the Burner which Prevent the Flame of burner from Wind flow .
Cover of Wind Flow Prevention.
then I prepare all the things for the experiment 2
My Second Experiment on the Gasifier in the presence of Dr. Arun Dixit . For the First Experiment ; I have Chosen the Pellet as Biomass. For initiating of this experiment ;we have decided that to utilize the energy of Gasifier to boil the Water for Calculation. For that we have taken one Pot (around 2m diameter).
Experiment 2.
Biomass:- Pellet.
Amount of Biomass:- 10 Kg.
Weight of Pot :- 5.5 Kg
Amount of Water :- 28.500 Kg (Including Pot).
Starting Time :- 4:13 PM.
Flow of gas from Burner :- 4:16 PM
Start burning of burner Time :- 4:19 PM
Burner Stopping Time :- 4:46 PM.
After Complete Burning of Biomass .
Amount of water :- 25.2 Kg .(including Pot)
Initial Temperature:- 38°C
Final Temperature:- 98°C.
Calculation
Input energy: – Weight x Calorific Value
Amount of biomass: – 10 kg
Calorific value of pellets: – 4400 kcal/kg (from Google )
So,
Input energy = 10 x 4400
= 44000 kcal
1 Cal = 4.16 joule.
=44000×4.16
= 183040 KJ
Output energy = m X Cp X ΔT
m= Weight of water left in pot after trial
Cp = Specific heat of water.
ΔT= Temperature difference.
Output energy = 19.7 x 4.2 x 73
= 4964.4 KJ
Vapour energy = amount of water evaporated x latent heat of water.
= 3300x 540
=1782000 Cal
1 Cal = 4.16 J
= 1782000 x 4.16
= 7413120 J
= 7413.12 KJ
Total output energy = (4964.4+7413.12) KJ
= 12377.52 KJ
Efficiency = (total output energy/input energy) x 100
= (12377.52/183040) x 100
= 6.76 %
After Completion of Experiment 1 ; We Got 6.76 % efficiency as Result.
Problem I had faces during the Second Experiment is Following
1) Flame more than the Diameter of Pot .
2) Always open Full valve of Burner otherwise Gas will Bombarded from over the Inlet feed .
3) Gas Cannot be Store ; We have to use all Gases which is generated by the Gasifier with full flame.
4) For Burner Need Covered Room because Air flow during the Experiment is high and it also cause the Wastage.
During Second Experiment.
Video.
Date :- 08/06/23
Write Formal mail about experiment and problems that I had faces then learn how to make PPT from YouTube. After this clean the Gasifier and dry the Charcoal under the Sun .
Date :- 09/06/23
In Morning ; first go to the Bike mechanic because Ashram bike is Puncture then come back and study some research paper Conclusion related to Wood Chipper machine. In which I studied that We can Operate the Wood chipper machine by mobile .
Date :- 10/06/23
In Morning , First discussion with Dixit Sir about the next Step in the Experiment because in previous experiment We got only 6.76 % efficiency and problem during the experiment as well as we did not use that energy in any applicable form or in applicable things .Sir Told me that for the next trial first we have to cover the are of burner and also brig the Second burner from the Mukhai School So I went there For the Second burner and bring that burner in the Ashram .
After this there is another Discussion going in the Classroom about Heat Pump .
In heat Pump they discussed about these topics
Relative Humidity :- Relative humidity (RH) is a measure of how much water vapor is in a water-air mixture compared to the maximum amount possible.
Latent heat :-Heat or energy that is absorbed or released during a phase change of a substance.(Sensible heat).
Specific heat :- The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one Celsius degree.
Heat Pump :- A heat pump is a device used for heating and cooling spaces by transferring heat from one location to another. It moves thermal energy from a lower-temperature source to a higher temperature.
Then discussed about incinerator.
Its and pad disposal /pad burning machine designed . this burner helps to burn the pads without spreading much pollution.
Date :- 11/06/23
First make the Gasket for the another burner pipe which will connect to the valve of the gas flow then Assemble the Second burner to the Gasifier After this go to the Scrape and search Tin for the Cover around the burner and drill in the Tin at a certain distance Cover the area of burner .
Date :- 12/06/23
In Morning , Prasad sir took the review of previous work then I Went to the market for the binding wire and come back to the Ashram then Complete the Cover around the Burner. then Cut the wood of different size to measure the bulk density and compare it with the pellets.
Date :- 13/06/23
Go too the Scrape to search material regarding Burner Stand then Complete the Stand of Second burner and increase the length of First burner length.
Date:- 14/06/23
First clean the gasifier for the experiment 3 and fill the water tub and bring the pot from kitchen and fill it with water and weight it then started my Third trial on the Gasifier in the Presence of Prasad Sir; Before Third trail I had solve the all the problem that I had faces during my Second trial. After this I had decided to utilize the energy which is generated through the Gasifier to boil the water for the calculation. For that I have Chosen Three Pot for the all three burners (one Single burner and two burners attached in single Gas pipe that is for the chapati making.) with different diameter.
Biomass: – Pellets.
Amount of Biomass: – 10 Kg
Gasifier Start Time: – 4:28 PM
Burner Start Time: – 4:36 PM
Gasifier Stop Time: – 4:55 PM
Burner Stop Time: – 4:58 PM
Total burning Time: – 22 Min.
Table: –
Weight of Pot. (kg) W1- 3.3
W2- 3.6
W3- 5.5
Before trail; Weight of Water including Pot. (Kg) W1 :- 22.8
W2 :- 31.8
W3 :- 22.6
After trail; Weight of Water including Pot. (Kg) W1 :- 22.2
W2 :-30.9
W3 :-22.1
Initial Temperature ( In degree Celsius) W1 :- 25
W2 :-25
W3 :- 25
Final temperature.(In degree Celsius)W1 :- 71
W2:-45
W3:-47
Input energy = Weight of biomass x calorific value
= 10 x 4400
=44000 Kcal
=183040 KJ
Output energy = m X Cp X ΔT
m= Weight of water left in pot after trial
Cp = Specific heat of water.
ΔT= Temperature difference.
Output energy = (16.7 x 4.2 x 22) +(27.3 x4.2×20) +(18.9×4.4×46)
= (1543.08+2293.2+3651.48) KJ
= 7487.76 KJ
Vapour energy = Amount of water evaporated x latent heat of water
= (400+200+600) gm x 540 Cal/gm
= 1200×540
= 684000 Cal
=684000×4.16
2695.68KJ
Total output energy= (2695.68+7487.76) KJ
=10183.44 KJ
Efficiency = (total output energy/input energy) x 100
= (10183.44/183040) x100
= 5.56%
After Completion of Experiment 3; I got 5.56% efficiency as result.
Problems During Third trial.
Both Valve opens during the Starting of Gasifier.
Suddenly Second Burner (in which two burner is attached) has been stopped three times during the trial.
Burner takes 6 minutes for the burning.
Wind Velocity is very high because of this Second Burner flame deflected.
Date :- 15/06/23
Today I Cooked Idly for the Ashram; For which I have taken Pellets as Biomass.
Amount of Biomass: – 13.800 Kg
Gasifier Starting time: – 8:19 AM
Burner Starting Time: – 8:24 AM
Gasifier Stop Time: – 9:30 AM
Burner Stop Time: – 9:32 AM
Total burning Time: – 68 Min.
Toady Flame in the burner more than previous trial.
After that I explained everything to Prasad sir then clean the Gasifier and make a report on these thing .
Date :-17/06/23
In Morning first discussion with Dixit Sir about how we can increase the efficiency ; in discussion there is two way either modified the Gasifier means add another Chamber from which we can accumulate the gas and utilize that energy according to flame we need and another is need larger size( diameter) of Vessels. then there is discussion about WBT ( water boiling test ) ; using Water boiling test trial we one more experiment then make a report on this thing.
Report :-
Observation About Gasifier.
In all the experiment I have used Pellet as Biomass. Amount of pellet used in the experiment is 10 Kg. From 10 kg pellet there is 70- 80 % (7-8 Kg Gas) generation of Volatiles. This huge amount of gas is generated in very less time and we cannot utilize this amount of gas properly in that time interval. In comparison with LPG Gas; we generally utilize 14 kg of gas in 2-3 hours for 500 people’s food making approximately but, in our case, we have to use 7-8 kg gas in 30 minutes. In Gasifier, heat input rate is 76000 kcal/hr as per the BIS Standard so there for the proper utilization of these gas, we need bigger size of Vessel for the burner according to WBT (Water boiling test) BIS.
Date:- 18/06/23
Today I did my Experiment 4 in the presence of Dr Arun Dixit; for today trial we have decided to follow WBT (water boiling test) process. for this I have taken Two Pot with different Size.
Biomass: – Pellet.
Amount of Biomass: – 9 Kg.
Weight of Pot W1: – 5.5 Kg
W2: – 3.6 Kg
Weight of Tin: – 1.3 kg
Amount of WaterW1: – 23.600 Kg (Including Pot).
W2: – 39.7 Kg
Starting Time: – 12:50 PM.
Flow of gas from Burner: – 12:53 PM
Start burning of burner Time: – 01:02 PM
Burner Stopping Time: – 2:24 PM.
Total burning time: – 82 minutes.
After Complete Burning of Biomass.
Amount of water W1: – 23.2 Kg. (Including Pot)
W2: – 38.4Kg
Initial Temperature: W1- 25°C
W2: – 25°C
Final TemperatureW1: – 80°C.
W2 – 98°C.
Amount of Charcoal = 400 gm
Calorific value of pellets =3800 Kcal/kg (After Discussion with Rahul Sir )
Input energy = Amount of biomass x C.V
=9 x 3800
=34200 Kcal
= 34200 x 4.16
= 142272 KJ
Output energy = (W1 x CV + w1 x CW ) x (t2 – t1)+ (W2 x CV + w2 x CW ) x (t2 – t1)
w1,w2= Weight of water left in different pot after trial.(Including weight of tray which I have used to
cover the Pot during trial).
CV= specific heat of Vessels.
CW = Specific heat of water.
ΔT= Temperature difference.
W1,W2= Weight of Vessels.
Output energy = (4.9 x 0.896 + 34.8 x 4.2) x (98 – 25) + (6.8 x 0.896 + 17.8 x 4.2) x (80 – 25)
= (4.3904+146.16) x 73+(6.0928+74.76) x55
= (150.5504 x 73) +(80.8528 x 55)
= (10990.1792+4446.906)
= 15437.0832 KJ
Charcoal energy = Amount of charcoal x C.V
=0.4 x 7500
= 3000 KJ
Vapour energy = Amount of water evaporated x latent heat of water
= (400+1300) gm x 540 Cal/gm
= 1700 x 540
=918000 Cal
=918000 x 4.16
=3818.88 KJ
Total output energy= (15437.0832+3818.88+3000) KJ
=22255.9632 KJ
Efficiency = (total output energy/input energy) x 100
= (22255.9632 /142272) x100
= 15.64 %
After Completion of Experiment 4; I got 15.64 % Efficiency as Result.
Observation :-
Around 1 kg pellet has moves down from the combustion chamber because grate has more wide space .
Stand length is larger than as per requirement .
Date :- 19/06/23
Calculate the efficiency of previous trial then issued the Spanner to dissemble the gasifier so that we can keep another grate(less Spaced) on the previous grate, from this pellet will not moves down from the gasifier before burning . After this dissemble the gasifier and put the another grate in it and assemble it.
Date :- 20/06/23
In morning , first discussion with Vikrant Sir about my project .then I search Grinder machine and took that to the Gasifier to reduce the length of burner stand.
After this go to the scrape and search tin to make the cove of burner and bring that tin from the Scrape.
Date :- 21/06/23
First clean the Gasifier and fill the tub with water and bring the Pot from the Kitchen for the experiment and fill it with water and weight it .
I did my Experiment 5 in the presence of Dr Arun Dixit; for today trial we have decided to follow WBT (water boiling test) process. for this I have taken Three Pot with different Size.
Biomass: – Pellets.
Amount of Biomass: – 9 Kg
Gasifier Start Time: – 3:28 PM
Flow of gas from Gasifier: – 3:30 PM
Burner Start Time: – 3:34 PM
Gasifier Stop Time: – 5:56 PM
Burner Stop Time: – 5:58 PM
Total burning Time: – 144 minutes.
Amount of Charcoal :- 400 gm.
Table: –
| Name of Pot. | Weight of Pot. (kg) | Before trail; Weight of Water including Pot. (Kg) | After trail; Weight of Water including Pot. (Kg) | Initial Temperature. | Final temperature |
| W1 | 3.3 | 30 | 29.3 | 250 C | 980 C |
| W2 | 3.6 | 34 | 32 | 250 C | 980 C |
| W3 | 5.5 | 24.4 | 23.8 | 250 C | 980 C |
| W4 | 3.3 | 25.4 | 25.2 | 250C | 450 C |
Input energy = Amount of biomass x C.V
=9 x 3800
=34200 Kcal
= 34200 x 4.16
= 142272 KJ
Output energy = (W1 x CV + w1 x CW ) x (t2 – t1)+ (W2 x CV + w2 x CW ) x (t2 – t1)+ (W1 x CV + w1 x CW ) x (t2
– t1)+ (W2 x CV + w2 x CW ) x (t3 – t1).
w1,w2,w3,w4= Weight of water left in different pot after trial.(Including weight of tray which I have
used to cover the Pot during trial).
CV= specific heat of Vessels.
CW = Specific heat of water.
ΔT= Temperature difference.
W1,W2 ,W3,W4= Weight of Vessels.
Output energy = (4.9 x 0.896 + 28.4 x 4.2) x (98 – 25) + (6.8 x 0.896 + 18.3 x 4.2) x (98 – 25)+ (4.6 x
0.896 + 26 x 4.2) x (98 – 25) + (4.6 x 0.896 + 21.9 x 4.2) x (45 – 25)
= (123.76+113.4112+83.0712) x 73+(96.1912) x20
= (320.2424 x 73) +1923.824
= (23377.6952+1923.824)
= 25301.5192 KJ
Charcoal energy = Amount of charcoal x C.V
=0.4 x 7500
= 3000 KJ
Vapour energy = Amount of water evaporated x latent heat of water
= (700+2000+600+200) gm x 540 Cal/gm
= 3500 x 540
=1890000 Cal
=1890000 x 4.16
=7862.4 KJ
Total output energy= (25301.5192 +7862.4+3000) KJ
=36163.9192 KJ
Efficiency = (total output energy/input energy) x 100
= (36163.9192/142272) x100
= 25.41%
After Completion of Experiment 5, I got 25.41 % efficiency as result.
Date:-22/06/23
Report making of previous trial and also calculating the efficiency of that trial. Then remove the charcoal from the side of charcoal removal for this first issued the Spanner and open the side charcoal removal cap and weight the Charcoal . Also dry the charcoal which moves down after the burning. Cut the Wood Into 2 inches Size for the tomorrow trial.
Date :- 23/06/23
First clean the Gasifier for the next trial and filled the water in the water tub and weight the amount of wood according to amount of pellets.
Bulk density of pellets :- 450 kg/m*3
Bulk density of wood Pieces (2 inches wood) :- 346kg/m*3
So I decided to take 5kg pellets and 6.5kg wood pieces then went to the Kitchen for the Pot but Moshi told me to come at 4 PM and When I went to kitchen 4 PM, Moshi deny me to give the Pot because in previous experiments Pot has burnt.
Date:- 24/06/23
Discussion with Dixit sir about the pot and make a report and mail to the Vikrant sir .
Report
NOTE: – To perform further experiment, we need new Pot, So I went to Arun Dixit Sir for new pot and then Arun Dixit sir agreed to buy new pot and we are going to purchase it
Then went to the market to know the cost of the pot.
Date:- 26/06/23
Online meeting with Vikrant sir and told him about all these things and also the asked me about my work progress. In meeting we had decided that first change the ball valve with needle valve to control the precise rate of generation of gas. then further experiment will be done.
Date 27/06/23
First Study about Needle valve from google and also seen videos on YouTube then study about Air flow meter and also knew about its cost .
Date 28/06/23
Work with Rahul on Dome dryer project in which we grinder the all part of dryer.
Date 29/06/23
Discussion with Dixit sir about the cost of Air flow meter because the cost of air flow meter is very high ( too expensive) so we have decided to only change the valve.
Date 30/06/23
Go to the market and bring the Valve and remove the ball Valve from the Gasifier and measure the length between space. then work with Rahul on his project.
Date 01/07/23
Make a marking circle like Measuring Scale on CAD then Start the plasma machine to cut the metal in that size but machine does not work then go to the Subash sir to cut that marking on the laser and cut it and check on the valve and show the Dixit Sir and explained it.
Date 03/07/23
First reduce the length of of that valve because it is larger that the previous distance .After cutting adjust the Needle Valve in place of ball valve. During adjust we faced problem that there is both side thread in the Valve so we need one union for the proper adjustment .
Date 04/07/23
For the proper adjustment we went to the Shikrapur to buy the union and come back and adjust it .
Date 05/07/23
After Adjustment of Needle valve ; we need pot to perform further experiment ,for this we went to the Market to buy oil Drum to make it in two different pot.
Date 06/07/23
Cut that drum into Two pieces and make handle for it. After making handle fix it in that drum and made two different pot for the experiment.
Date 07/07/23
Went to the market for the different types of biomass and brought it in the Ashram for the further experiment .
Date 08/07/23
To perform further experiments , Sir told me to do Loss and dry to measure the moisture of that biomass because it seem like in all the biomass there is high amount of moisture after seeing it but due to low voltage LAD has not done and work on the Dome dryer project.
Date 10/07/23
Today I did my Experiment 7 in the presence of Dr Arun Dixit; for this I have taken one Pot for Single burner because I replaced ball valve with needle valve and to know precise control, we decided to use single burner.
Biomass: – Plastic Pellets.
Amount of Biomass: – 9 Kg
Gasifier Start Time: – 4:34 PM
Flow of gas from Gasifier: – 4:39 PM
Burner Start Time: – 4:46 PM
Gasifier Stop Time: – 7:22 PM
Burner Stop Time: – 7:22 PM
Total burning Time: – 156 minutes.
Weight of Pot: – 11.5 kg
Weight of Tin: – 1.3 kg
Amount of Water: – 86.6 Kg (Including Pot).
After Complete Burning of Biomass.
Amount of water: – 81.4 kg
Initial Temperature: – 25°C
Final Temperature: – 100°C.
Input energy = Amount of biomass x C.V
=9 x 3800
=34200 Kcal
= 34200 x 4.16
= 142272 KJ
Output energy = (W1 x CV + w1 x CW ) x (t2 – t1)
w1 = Weight of water left in different pot after trial. (Including weight of tray which I have used to cover the Pot during trial).
CV= specific heat of Vessels.
CW = Specific heat of water.
ΔT= Temperature difference.
W1= Weight of Vessels.
Output energy = (12.8 x 0.896 + 69.9 x 4.2) x (100– 25)
= (11.4688+293.58) x 75
= (305.0488 x 75)
= 22878.66 KJ
Charcoal energy = Amount of charcoal x C.V
=0.4 x 7500
= 3000 KJ
Vapour energy = Amount of water evaporated x latent heat of water
=5200 gm x 540 Cal/gm
= 2808Kcal
=2808 x 4.2
=11793.6 KJ
Total output energy= (22878.66+11793.6+ 3000) KJ
=37671.6 kJ
Efficiency = (total output energy/input energy) x 100
= (37671.6 /142272) x100
= 26.47 %
Date 11/07/23
Today first I clean the gasifier and remove the charcoal from the gasifier chamber. Fill the water tub with water and fill the pot with pot so we can perform next trial. to perform next trial, I have taken Wood piece (2 inch) as biomass.
Biomass: – Wood pieces.
Amount of Biomass: – 9 Kg
Gasifier Start Time: – 8:42 AM
Flow of gas from Gasifier: – 8:44 AM
Burner didn’t start burning because of high amount of moisture present in the wood. after this I stop the gasifier and start writing my presentation on gasifier.
Date 12/07/23
In morning first remove the charcoal from the gasifier and clean the gasifier.
Remove the net from the wood chipper machine to get the proper size of wood chip then work with Rahul on his project( Colour the parts of dome dryer ) after completion of this ; Start the wood chipper machine in the presence of Dhananjay Sir and chips the wood . then went to the mukhai to bring the pellets.
Date 13/07/23
In morning first fill the water tub of gasifier to perform the next trial then weight the biomass ( pellets) and feed it into the Gasifier chamber and fill the water pot with water and weight it ; check thee electricity connection and start the gasifier.
Biomass: – Pellets.
Amount of Biomass: – 9 Kg
Gasifier Start Time: – 10:54 AM
Flow of gas from Gasifier: – 11:00 AM
Burner Start Time: – 11:21 AM
Weight of Pot: – 11.5 kg
Weight of Tin: – 1.3 kg
Amount of Water: – 101.5 Kg (Including Pot).
Due to the high amount of moisture present in the Biomass ; syngas didn’t produced and at the We have to close the Gasifier and inform about it to the Dixit Sir .
After this make videos on Gasifier for the Exhibition day and Start drawing the gasifier structure on the CAD.
Date 14/07/23
In morning first work with Rahul on his dome dryer ( help him to fix the gate of Dryer). then start making PPT of Gasifier and Draw the parts of Gasifier on the CAD.
Date 15/07/23
Makes PPT and parts of Gasifier on CAD. Also help to Rahul on his project to assemble the structure of dome dryer.
