OBJECTIVE
Objective of this project to compress the plastic waste , to reduce the volume , to increase the density so that it can be easily transported in van in bulk quantity.
working
This system works for waste plastic compression. As shown in figure, the plastic waste is placed in the container which is placed above the hydraulic bottle.
As socket starts moving, the extension screw starts moving upward & the plunger inside container starts moving upward resulting in plastic waste compression.
About System
- Total height of system : 830 mm
2. Weight of the system : 17.4 kg
3. Container volume (LBH) : 260mm*170mm*380mm = 16796 cm3
4. Available volume = 220mm*170mm*195mm = 7106 cm3
5. Volume below the door = 260mm*170mm*260mm = 11492 cm3
Hence , water to be filled is 11 liter i.e. 11 kg
6. Hydraulic Bottle jack used
7. Capacity of hydraulic jack is 5 ton.
8. Height of jack : 190 mm
9. Piston travel : 125 mm
10. Plastic capacity up to 1200 gm
Trials & Results
Trial 1
Date: 20-11-2021
Plastic used : 800gms
Water used 11 liters, i.e. 11 kg
Plastic immersed in 93 degree celsius hot water hence, ( Initial temperature) Ti = 93 degree celsius
Soaking time : 15 minutes
Temperature after 15 minutes : (Final Temperature) Tf = 70 degree celsius
Outer body temperature : 50 degree celsius
Volume before compression : 22cm*17cm*38cm = 7293 cm3
Volume after compression = 22cm*17cm*63cm = 2784.6 cm3
Compression ratio : 1:3.095
Date : 22/11/2021
Today discussed the result with Dixit sir & Prasad sir. From today’s discussion , decided to cold compression & hot compression for the same weight of plastic to differentiate hot compression & cold comperssion result.
Date : 23-11-2021
Trial 2
2.1) For cold compression , plastic waste taken = 400 grams
Initial volume : 22cm*17cm*19.5cm = 7293 cm3
Final volume : 22cm*17cm*12cm = 4488cm3
Compression ratio : 1:1.625
2.2) Hot water compression , plastic waste taken = 400 grams
Initial temperature : 90 degree Celsius
Final temperature : 70 degree Celsius
Initial volume ; 22cm*17cm*19.5cm = 7293 cm3
Final volume : 22cm817cm*7cm = 2618
Compression ratio : 1;2.785
Pressure calculations
Plunger area : 21cm*15cm = 315cm^2
Plunger weight = 0.4 kg
water weight = 11 kg
Upper assembly weight = 11 kg ( container & fixture )
Pressure = Force/Area = 22.04/ ( 21*15 ) = 0.0731 kg/cm^3
24/11/2021
Discussed the result of experiment performed on 23/11/2021 with Dixiit Sir & Prasad Sir. From today’s discussion , we came to know that we need to increase system pressure to achieve maximum compression . So for now , we decided to double the system pressure to take compression readings. To double the pressure , we need to add weight of 23.013 kg.
25/11/2021
Trial 3
For today’s test, we took load of 24.949 kg. For this load, we took bricks from our campus
3.1) First we took trial of cold press on plastic waste of 400 grams.
Volume before compression = 22cm*17cm*19.5cm = 7293 cm^3
Volume after compression = 22cm*17cm*7.5cm = 2805 cm^3
Hence, compression ratio = 1;2.6
3.2) Hot press trial on 800 grams of plastic by adding 24.929 kg of load .
Initial temperature (T1) = 90.8 degree Celsius
Soaking time = 10 minutes
Final temperature = 70.1 degree celcius
Volume before compression = 22cm*17cm*19.5cm = 7293 cm^3
Volume after compression = 22cm*17cm*6.7 cm = 2508 cm^3
Hence compression ratio = 1:2.91
From the above observation , we came to know that , by adding weight & by increasing pressure, we get improved compression ratio
26/11/2021
The pic below shows the previous below arrangement , which is not sufficient to prevent leakage. In the previous project tire tube is used as a bellow.
Discussed obtained compression ratio with Dixit Sir & Prasad Sir. For now our next task is to find bellow to prevent leakage.
7/12/2021
We searched for bellow online , talked with so many vendors & suppliers from India Mart. But we didn’t get any bellow supplier or vendor as per our required dimensions .
our required dimensions for bellow are as follows :
Inner diameter of bellow ( ID) : 25 mm
Closed length of bellow (CL) : 170 mm
Open length of Bellow (OL) : 300 mm
This is the required bellow size for our project.
Some of the contacts given below with whom we talked foe our bellow requirements
1) Arar Impex , Navi Mumbai 8048413376
2) SBM Bellows , Kolkata 8043052236
3) Omega Group, Hoonghly 84799 11977
4) Gujar Engifab , Pune, 9075338833
5) Allied Power Engineerings, Khopoli, 992021 12672
6) Vardhaman Inustries, Haryana, 8595870426
7) Advanced Polymers Products, Pune, 8625022824
8) PB Elastmers, Pune, 8208657327
9) Abhijeet Leather Products, Ahamadnagar, 9822522495
10) Quality Products, Hadapsar, 7028997949
8/12/2021
We decided to take trials on wash basin pipe as a bellow as it’s made of polyvinyl chloride with maximum sustainable temperature 140 degree celsius . But the pipe we have didn’t fixed the hole diameter. So we used previous tire tube as bellow & for now decided to take experiment reading with adding more weight on system to get increased pressure.
We decide to achieve 0.5 kg/cm^2 pressure
So to get that pressure, we need to give 134.48 kg of load on the system
9/12/2021
To get maximum load we collected stones, bricks from our campus & weight them. They are of 52.551 kg.
As shown figure, the stones & the bricks put together in big vessel. The bricks & stone weighs 51.55 kg .
The vessel weighs 1.007
System weight i.e. (container & fixture) is 23.04 kg. So the total weight of the system is 75.591 kg.
Today’s experiment & result
Room temperature of water = 24 degree celsius
Mild Steel Container room temperature = 28.7 degree celsius
Polyethylene room temperature ; 27.4 degree celsius
Hot water temperature ( TI) = 92 degree celsius
Plastic taken = 800 grams = 0.8 kg
Soaking time = 15 minutes
Total external load added on system = 52.551 kg
Temperature after compression = 68.6 degree celsius
Compression ratio
Volume before compression = 22cm*17cm*19.5cm = 7293 cm^3
Volume After compression = 22cm*17cm*6.5cm = 2431 cm^3
Hence compression ratio is 1:3
Pressure calculations :
pressure =Force/Area
Therefore, pressure = ( 23.04kg +52.551kg ) / (21cm*15cm)
Pressure = 0.23997 kg/cm^2
Problem Statement
1) First problem to be solve is to find bellow alternative to avoid water leakage .
2) To find ways to improve pressure.
13/12/2021 : Today I disassembled total system for leak examination. As there was some water leakage from bottom side of container. Added extra nut where gap was , it minimized so much leakage. Examined tire tube bellow. Assembled system
16/12/2021: Today again I performed the same experiment as before with increased 50 kg load as same as previous procedure which I performed on 9/12/2021 because in previous experiment , I didn’t get increased pressure as expected. But still in today’s experiment the result is same. The compression is 1:3.2. After discussing the issue with Dixit Sir, we conclude that, Hydraulic jack is not working at it’s expected pressure.
17/12/2021 : Examined hydraulic jack, there is leakage in piston socket surrounding, so system has become open cycle & not delivering the pressure.
18/12/2021 : Today I did market survey for the over rim but didn’t get the right one. I searched over rim in Chakan & Rajguru nagar market also but didn’t get right one. So now, did heat transfer calculation for system.
Data from the experiment performed on 16/12/202
Water= Increased temp.-95 degree celsius, Decreased temp- 73 degree celsius
Mild Steel= Increased temp- 83 degree celsius, Decreased temp- 55 degree celsius
Polyethylene= Increased temp- 71 degree celsius, Decrease temp-52 degree celsius
Heat transfer through water: m*cp* ( Tf-Ti)
: 12 kg* 4.186 J/gc* (95-73) C
:1105.1 Kj
Heat lost by water= Heat gained by polyethylene + Heat gained by Mild Steel………..(1)
Heat gained by polyethylene= 800g* 1330 J/Kgk* ( 71-52) degree celsius
= 310.84 KJ
Heat gained by Mild steel= 8.15 kg* 51 J/Kgk* (83-55) degree celsuis
= 1237.729 Kj……….. But this answer contradicts with equation (1)
In this case heat gained by Mild Steel grater than heat lost by Water. Means we need insulation for mild steel to prevent heat loss.
Our Problem Statements : (1) To solve jack problem.
(2) To find insulation for Mild Steel Container.
Date 4/01/2022
We are putting our project on hold due to following reasons. To know the reason please go on link given below.
